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Very clear and interesting video, thank you. Do you have a video explaining how we know the isotope ratio at the time of earth's accretion or why it was all parent isotope to start off with? Edit: Nevermind, found it.

13:19, since the name is a portmanteau of Australia and America, it is probably pronounced most similar to the sections in those names that they come from, however that happens to be pronounced in your accent.

Highly informative! Nice to see that in an internet landscape that doesn't typically value deep understanding of a topic. Keep up the good work!

Electrolysis of salt water (Sodium Chloride) produces Hydrogen and Chlorine when done in a lab. Now you have two more questions, where does the Hydrogen go and why the more active Oxygen in lieu of Chlorine.

I think my favourite "scientific fact" is that birds are dinosaurs. I was big into dinosaurs as a kid, and we had a couple of pet birds at the time. My mind would've been blown to know that we had pet dinosaurs at home! For some reason, I only learned about this relatively recently. I never learned that at school, weirdly.

Hmmm... Fascinating. I wonder if this is a pointer to a power-generation process that would harvest energy from sea water. I.e. could we build practical "batteries" that generate useful current when submerged in circulating sea water? I'm sure this has been thought of before and discarded. Would be interesting to know why.

What was the composition of Earth's atmosphere before the GOE?

I assume that this process produces excess heat. Is that measurable? . . . If you were able to replicate this process in a commercial setting, would you be able to scavenge the heat?

I always wondered where the oxygen came from for the deep ocean to support all them critters. Makes sense now.

Wow! Woohoo.. Let's rampage the newly found ecosystem.🤡

So, where did the chlorine go? Electrolysis of sea water produces both oxygen and chlorine. Where is the chlorine?

Where does the energy come from? I'm obviously missing something. Even a catalytic reaction requires energy at some point.

Cool stuff. One of the questions was about origin of life. I just saw another video talking about discovery of a potential for a new type of life. They found cells that incorporated a specific bacteria. These could (in geologic time) lead to new types of life. They gave 2 earlier examples, one was mitochondria (if I recall the right name) to generate energy within the cell. The other was the incorporation of chloroplasts that lead to plant life. "Produce" nodules: maybe not nodules, but if "we" could set up "water mining" at volcanic hydro-thermal vents. Suck up mineral rich hot water being released, precipitate minerals out. Then the trick is finding vents releasing the right minerals in "commercial concentrations", assuming the pumping and precipitation technology exists ...

A fascinating part of the story of life on Earth. By the way, the GOE wasn't just one giant leap, but a series of events you alluded to. For example the oceans could have been red at one point as the available oxygen was taken up by iron to produce iron oxide - rust. Mars is red because of a similar process.

If these nodules need oxigen to form, then they cannot be an explanation for finding oxigen on other planets.

i think it is cool that it is related to your paper. i like that sort of thing

Down there under the sea, it is all chemically generated lights 😅 gosh I hope I am not giving fake facts.😅

If I'm not mistaken, recyclable materials from technology waste, computers, laptop/notebook computers, and smartphones, all contain the minerals for the nodules!

Free energy h2 ?

Does releasing this information give people the wrong idea like burning forests for a political gain?

What's formation of a super continent Gorton to necessarily do with a mass extinction? Nothing. Cosmic impacts caused the last major extinction event at the end of the pleistocene and will probably cause the next one as well, well before the formation of the next super continent.

You channel is awesome ! Thanks for the videos

Another thing to go along with the anti carbon narrative. Thats all I see in this.

Thank you for the wonderful clarifications and "filling in the blanks" in my understanding of this phenomena. This is very helpful for me to see electrical phenomena in less constrained ideas as "generators" and "batteries". This reminds me a bit of how a heart isn't just a muscle responding to signals from the brain, it's also it's own electrical signal-producing organ!

By that time, mamals might have evolved to be something entirely different anyways, so probably no

Everlasting battery? Sounds like the nuclear batteries that we put on space probes.

Branches of physical geography Climatology Geomorphology Hydrology Glaciology Remote sensing and GIS technology Pedology Qutanary science Geoinformatics Oceanology

Imagine what it'd be like if we become a Type 3 civilization before 250 million years. What would humanity be like?

Sorry, I still don't understand what specific chemical reaction is producing the oxygen, I don't know where the energy to split the water is coming from and I really don't see anything that looks much like a battery.

Finally a RUclips video in my feed that does not say AI or garbage

What affect are these nodules having on there surrounded environments?. What affect to they have on the life and lifeforms?

I learned about oceanic oxygen in the 90-s. What is that big news now? And in the name of common sense and logic, plants also need oxygen, they can´t exist without oxygen in the air. The oxygen in the air needs to existed before plants.

Everything Science tells us, eventually turns out to be wrong. Didn't you know, one day, Mud Decided to Spring to Life...simple!

My works referenced documents has pretty much all of your videos in it! You are an amazing communicator and diligent researcher. Thank you for your hard work! Here's a small excerpt from The Lostories if anyone is interested: Before Life left the seas to conquer lands on Earth, Many steps were taken to make war possible; Life needed protection from Pale Death-UV Light And the means to photosynthesize, absorbing Small ranges along the electromagnetic Spectrum-both Red and Blue--and reflecting only What they rejected: Green, which colored Life’s lies. Before Life climbed the rungs to topple walls of stone, Many transitional borders and shores were swarmed Day and night by armies of simple-minded things: Bays and bights, estuaries and gulfs, lagoons and River deltas and lakes, streams and ponds, tidal pools And marshes, and other watery realms between Sea and Land, where Delta turned Chaos to Order. Before Life learned to walk or crawl from crowded seas, Bacteria floated onto rocks along shores, forming thick Biofilms-colonies known as Stromatolites- Which yearned to civilize the barren, bleak landscape; So it was, 1.3 billion years ago, Cyanobacteria sought to claim dry land, But they found they were two billion years too late. In this way, Chloris-filled Life shared the shores of Earth With hundreds of various kinds in colonies For hundreds of millions of years before more complex Life Rose from foam to dine and feast on Stromatolites- Chained to rocks in the waves as tragic light-bearers; House Fungi arrived one billion years ago To conquer lands of Earth, relishing in decay. Soon after (twenty million years-a small blip In the blink of an eye for the Gods), Plants arrived To conquer land in the wake of Fungi, who served The role of vanguard to complex Life on dry land; Prince Plandae was a non-Vascular, light-loving thing- Well-liked and likened to moss-he grew on wet rocks By the shore, where he was crowned King of Bryophytes. From Plandae, dry-land plants came to be as Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts, which were free to conquer A brave new world beyond saline seas; but the land Was bare and rugged, and Sol beat down upon Meyter’s Face; stars filled mortal dreams with words of time and space, And Wort-kinds found new realms with elders of Fungi- Most gentle of races, with deep ties in the Earth.

So were are you hiding the goose laying the golden eggs , and can can you eat one 🪿 , well I was thinking about using a quantum computing tractor beam to turn black hole into what it was before black hole destroyed it so can change the alien probing grays DNA to have bunny ears so can tenderize them for alien probing well they are hiding in black hole knowing that death is just the beginning of new quantum math just ask Mathew McConaughey from interstellar because that is why he keeps saying alright alright alright well they turned black hole into worm hole so can have probing party's

This is where the first kaiju will emerge

Who else wasn’t paying attention until they heard Totorokite?

5:43 wouldnt personally state it that way, w all due respect. We need to hammer home how BRAINDEAD it would be of the human species to suck these nodules up, and not sow doubt. The modern society doesnt need these. We need reduced consumption and simpler technology w less exotic metals and better recycling.

Highly interesting nodule info.their is much more to the seed theory,where upon the fossilization process of the seed for nodules ,contribute's more process's than have been investigated or understood .90 percent of Flint's nodules and calcite fossils have red or blue/grey core's that is attributed to replacement,but I think there is something more at play in relation to electrical potential's than just brackish water and volcanism depositing iron,magnesium ECT.there are some really interesting new article's on lithium discovered with sulphur in shale,where the blue and red fossil's(seed's)I find ,come from also.where does oxygen from eroded mountain's go?

I have a bunch of vapor deposited platinum group metals that are linked to tektites. Definitely some piece that show a layering. Found in PNW.

I wrote once before I really enjoy your videos! Great work! And, fascinating topic, right?

What happens to Hydrogen at the bottom of the ocean? I think we have Oxygen reserves deep down on earth.

How about a shadow biosphere? Life as we do not know it.

With all due respect, I'm pretty dissatisfied with the hand waving explanation towards the basic thermodynamic energy requirements of electrolysis. We're talking on the order of several hundred kilojoules per mole. Catalysts reduce the activation energy, but they don't alter the fundamental enthalpy change of moving from reactants to products. Saying "This isn't a closed system and the sea water is being refreshed" implies that the sea water has some undiscovered stored potential energy which is powering the reaction, and that's suspiciously close to a "free energy" claim. If it were true, it would have world-altering implications, and hydrogen production facilities would have a significant economic advantage from performing electrolysis on sea water instead of any other water source. A lot of research has gone into optimizing electrolysis, and my Bayesian priors are far more likely to say that the Dark Oxygen study is flawed than that cheap or free hydrogen production from sea water is just around the corner. Until this question is answered, I must continue to view the study and all of the conclusions derived from it with extreme skepticism.

Thank you for a very rational look at it all 😊

Scientists, educated guessing.